ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study was aimed to identify the effect of taping applied to both hamstring on the horizontal velocity of the center of mass (COM) and the angle and peak angular velocity of the knee and hip joints in the sagittal plane during the crouching start. @*Methods@#Seven elite sprinters (three male 100-m sprinters and four male 400-m sprinters) who enrolled in Korea National Sport University and placed in the National Sports Festival participated in this study. The crouching start is divided into four separate phases by the five events: set position (E1), rear block exit (E2), initial contact of rear leg (E3), take-off of rear leg (E4), and initial contact of front leg (E5). The angle (°) of knee and hip joints in each event and the velocity of COM (m/sec) and peak angular velocity (°/sec) in each phase were analyzed before and after the application of kinesiology taping (KT) on both hamstring and placebo taping (PT). @*Results@#There were no significant differences in the velocity of COM and the angle and peak angular velocity of knee joint among the taping conditions. In 400-m sprinters, the front hip joint with KT or PT flexed less than without taping at E1 (p=0.039), E4 (p=0.018), and E5 (p=0.018). Also, during the phase from E1 to E2, the rear hip joint with both KT and PT extended at lower angular velocity compared to without taping (p=0.018). @*Conclusion@#While taping may be a beneficial practice for elite sports performance, the application of KT on both hamstring does not enhance sprinters’ start performance.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study was aimed to identify the effect of taping applied to both hamstring on the horizontal velocity of the center of mass (COM) and the angle and peak angular velocity of the knee and hip joints in the sagittal plane during the crouching start. @*Methods@#Seven elite sprinters (three male 100-m sprinters and four male 400-m sprinters) who enrolled in Korea National Sport University and placed in the National Sports Festival participated in this study. The crouching start is divided into four separate phases by the five events: set position (E1), rear block exit (E2), initial contact of rear leg (E3), take-off of rear leg (E4), and initial contact of front leg (E5). The angle (°) of knee and hip joints in each event and the velocity of COM (m/sec) and peak angular velocity (°/sec) in each phase were analyzed before and after the application of kinesiology taping (KT) on both hamstring and placebo taping (PT). @*Results@#There were no significant differences in the velocity of COM and the angle and peak angular velocity of knee joint among the taping conditions. In 400-m sprinters, the front hip joint with KT or PT flexed less than without taping at E1 (p=0.039), E4 (p=0.018), and E5 (p=0.018). Also, during the phase from E1 to E2, the rear hip joint with both KT and PT extended at lower angular velocity compared to without taping (p=0.018). @*Conclusion@#While taping may be a beneficial practice for elite sports performance, the application of KT on both hamstring does not enhance sprinters’ start performance.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study aimed to investigate the relative workload via a global positioning system (GPS) unit that was related to noncontact injuries in the lower extremities of college football player. @*Methods@#Data were collected from 18 players who were enrolled in a university football team using a GPS unit during competitions. The noncontact injury in the lower extremities were recorded for each competition by well-trained medical practitioners. Players’ ratio of acute to chronic workload (ACWR) of each GPS variable was calculated by dividing the most recent 1 week (acute) workload by the prior 4 weeks (chronic) workload. The ACWR in the time of player’s injury (injury-related block) was compared to the time before the injury-related block (preinjury block) and from the beginning of the data collection to the point of injury (total injured average), and the end of the data collection (total non-injured average). @*Results@#Eight players suffered 12 injures, indicating that an incidence rate was 13.28 injuries per 100 athlete exposures. Injured player had a higher ACWR of repeated high-intensity effort bouts (RHIE) and work-rest ratio (WRR) in the injury-related block compared to the preinjury block (F=3.151, p=0.039 and F=7.577, p=0.001, respectively). Also, they had a higher ACWR of maximal velocity (MV) in the injury-related block and total injured average compared to total non-injured average (F=5.592, p=0.004). @*Conclusion@#This study illustrated that the high ACWR in RHIE, WRR, and MV in the injury-related block may be related to noncontact injuries in the lower extremities of college football player. Many questions remain, but the results of this study may provide coaches and staffs in college football with useful quantitative information on preventive approach to sports-related injuries.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: A recent revision of the FIGO staging system does not recommend the mandatory use of cystoscopy and sigmoidoscopy. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical utility of CT or MRI scans for ruling out bladder or rectal invasion and determine the indication for endoscopy in patients with cervical cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 769 patients with cervical cancer, who underwent imaging and endoscopic work-up between January 1997 and December 2010. Using endoscopy as the standard reference for comparison, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the imaging modality for bladder or rectal invasion. RESULTS: The CT scan showed 68.2% and 85.7% for sensitivity and 96.4% and 98.9% for specificity in detecting bladder and rectal invasion, respectively. CT scan provided a low PPV (51.7%, 54.5%) and a high NPV (98.2%, 99.8%). MRI scan showed 88.0% and 75.0% for sensitivity and 93.1% and 98.9% for specificity in detecting bladder and rectal invasion, respectively. MRI scan provided a low PPV (35.6%, 42.9%) and a high NPV (99.4%, 99.7%). The accuracies of CT and MRI scans in identifying bladder invasion were 94.9% and 92.8%, respectively. The accuracies of CT and MRI in identifying rectal invasion were 98.7% and 98.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that additional invasive endoscopy is not necessary for patients who present with no invasion on imaging work-up, and therefore, endoscopy should be considered a tool for confirming cases that are positive for invasion based on imaging work-up.